Introduction
A man's life is certainly his most prized possession and the most fundamental of all fundamental human rights. Nobody has the right to hammer or even take another person's life unless it is a final resort in self-defense. Hermann, (2019), a well-known English advocate, has stated that society prepares the crime while the offender performs it. According to Olujinmi (2015), all humans are criminals, but the difference is in the degree. Whatever perspective we choose, it is important to remember that crime is as ancient as civilization itself, and no country, sophisticated or not, can be free of it. Furthermore, just because we are not participating in violent crimes does not imply that we are not impacted by them. Because humans are dynamic in nature, it is important to highlight that the penalty for a crime can also vary as crimes evolve through time. At least eleven offenses carried the death sentence under Decree No. 20 of 1984. Arson, interfering with oil pipelines, importing or exporting mineral oil, attempting to defraud the Federal Military Government, dealing in cocaine, dealing in petroleum products, treason, kidnapping, lynching, and possession of guns and ammunition are among the charges (Reid 2016). However, events have surpassed these decrees. As a result, it was rescinded and more appropriate ones promulgated to suit the complexity of crime commission, quandary, and because of the complex nature of crimes, the pertinent question bother on how to determine the sanction that is proportionate with the offenses, since both our more conscience and social justice should also come into play here. Therefore, one would choose to define crime as an act undertaken in violation of a law banning it or an act committed in violation of a law ordering it, which is punished by death, impoundment, or the imposition of a fine or limitations. The rate at which crimes are being recorded in Enugu State today requires immediate action. We hear on the radio, in the news, and on television about numerous occurrences of home burglaries, automobiles being seized at gunpoint, houses being burned, properties being ruined, people being slaughtered, and so on. Some questions that spring to mind are: what circumstances are responsible for these atrocities, and how can we minimize the frequency with which these crimes are committed?
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Criminality is part and parcel of human nature and society. That is why no society can claim to be completely free of crimes. But the types of criminal behaviour tend to follow the pattern of social and economic development of a given society. It is therefore not unexpected that a society at a low level of development tends to experience an upsurge in the rate of violent crimes such as armed robber, politically motivated killings, the use of illegal weapons, ethnic and religious clashes and the like (Olujinmi 2015). Crime causes loss of live and property as well as overwhelming fear of insecurity. These have serious consequences for democracy, economic development, social capital and association life generally. Individual and societal aspirations for democracy, development, human rights, high standard of living are undermined by high level of crime. Increase in violent crime and delinquency, is a common feature of countries in transition. This has been attributed to the uncontrollable nature of change in its formative stage, demobilization or dismantling of repressive security apparatuses used by previous authoritarian regimes in controlling crime and the unequal socio-economic opportunities brought about by economic liberalization programs.
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
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